Introduction
For years, the outcome of a soccer match have always been determined by the three officials, the referee, and the two assistants on the right and the left sides of the playground. Traditional soccer rules provides the ball must pass the goal wholly for a play to score a goal, but referees have sometimes awarded or denied some teams goals based on their sight ability even when the ball had not crossed or had not crossed the line. This controversy let to the development of the goal line technology, ‘the hawkeye’ 2001 by the Roke Manor Research Limited under Siemens in England to help assist referees and their assistants with accurate decision-making.
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"Internet of Things Application".
The Hawkeye Application
The Hawkeye application uses triangulation processors to manipulate visual images and data transmitted by high-speed cameras mounted at different angles underneath the roof of a football stadium. In tennis, the Hawkeye uses ten cameras, while in soccer stadiums six cameras are installed to capture the movement of the ball. The application processes the pixels of the ball captured by the cameras to determine whether the it crossed the goal line or not. The control mechanism used by the application is the predetermined size of the soccer pitch. The ball must be 100% out the predetermined size of the pitch to be a goal.
Schematic communication method is used in the Hawkeye. This method consist of seven processes, starting from camera calibration, processing, ball recognition, geometric algorithm application, 3D identification of the ball position, tracking the ball, and ends at predicting the flight of the soccer ball. This technology has been deployed in myriad sporting activities including Tennis, hockey, baseball, volleyball, rugby, and badminton. It improves the accuracy of judgment in sporting activities, even though some sports associations are yet to adopt it. However, accidents are prevented by placing the camera above the playground and underneath the roof of the stadium. This prevents players and the firms from hitting the cameras. Data is secured in the computer referring room.
The Processor
The Hawkeye uses triangulation technology and CPU processors to process data transmitted by the cameras and analyzing the geometric information to give the verdict. 3D and geometric algorithm instruction sets are used in the triangulation technology installed in the Hawkeye. The application processes updates data every microsecond to capture every movement of the ball across the goal line. The Hawkeye uses high range algorithms to detect and predict the trajectory motion of the ball leveraging two inputs, the pixels of the ball as transmitted by the 6 cameras and speed of the ball. Because of the complex processes the application does, it leverages CISC system design. The energy consumption of Hawkeye is about 70 volts.
