As the obesity epidemic affects all layers of population, health care providers look for more ways to treat obesity and its grave outcomes. The latter include such obesity-related illnesses as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, as well as high blood pressure (Sherman, 2013). Bariatric surgery is a growing segment of laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, which includes a variety of technically challenging laparoscopic procedures. THESIS STATEMENT: This paper argues that bariatric surgery is an effective way to address morbid obesity and diabetes. It helps prolong patient lives through weight loss, positive metabolic effects, and a long-term remission of type 2 diabetes.
Bariatric surgery is an effective surgical way of obesity and diabetes management, since the surgical procedures lead to patients’ durable weight loss and lengthy remissions of type 2 diabetes, as well as remove other complications. Azizi (2013) argues that bariatric surgery is a effective way of treating the chronic disease of obesity. The author argues that as fewer medication treatments of obesity are available at the market due to their grim complications, healthcare providers who work with patients with extreme obesity (for example, >60 kg/m2) tend to choose the surgical way of solving the problem (Koeck, Davenport, Barefoot, Qureshi, Davidow, & Nadler, 2013).
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Koeck et al (2013) provide empirical data that bariatric surgery coupled with preoperative weight loss medicines brings the effective outcomes via a combination of pre-surgical and surgical weight losses. In the preoperative program, three adolescents with extreme obesity (>60 kg/m2), were offered to reduce their weight first via a multidisciplinary non-operative methods.
After that they underwent the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. It has been found that pre-operative weight loss strategies (including a protein-sparing fasting diet, a well-structured exercise program, and enhanced psychological counseling along with behavior modification) in combination with the effects of the surgery garnered absolutely positive outcomes within 1 year period after the surgery. This combined approach is, therefore, recommended as an optimal way of treating extremely obese patients. Moreover, obesity treatment is the way to reduce the effects of numerous negative outcomes of obesity: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, asthma, insulin resistance, coronary art disease, and other diseases.
Koeck et al (2013) argue that for the patients with extreme body weight bariatric surgery is the most effective way of losing weight, since it has durable effects. The scholars compared the results of their intervention with the results of the programs based on behavior modification principles. It was found the weight-loss programs aimed at modification of behavior through counseling are only able to produce short-term effects. At the same time, bariatric surgery has long-term effects on the weight loss. Even considering possible complications in the perioperative period (including altered drug metabolism, worsened pulmonary compliance, and higher risk of thromboembolic events), the surgery is still regarded to be an effective way out for extremely obese patients, including adolescents.
Azizi (2013) supports the idea of the efficacy of the bariatric surgery, although admits to the need to look for alternative non-surgical methods of weight loss. He provides a comprehensive overview of the outcomes of the surgery, which can be a good basis for decision for those patients who think of the surgery and for those health care professionals who treat obese patients. The outcomes of the surgery generally encompass: significant reduction in patient weight loss, decreases in cardiovascular disorders and improvements in patient cardiac performance, improvements in the conditions in patients with diabetes mellitus, removal /resolution of hypertension, dyslipidemia, renal disorders, digestive disorders, decreases in musculoskeletal disease, and treatment of depression and other psychological disorders.
Also, bariatric surgery helps restore adequate metabolic processes and prevent morbidity in patients. Felipo, Urios, Garcia-Torres, Mlili, Olmo, Civera, Ortega, Farrandez, Martinez- Valls, Casinello, and Montoliu (2013) found that bariatric surgery prevents the results of morbidity obesity in patients through restoration of adequate metabolic processes and treatment of liver disease typical for patients with extreme weight. Felipo et al (2013) have come to an important conclusion in their research that used the sample of 52 overweight subject who volunteered to take part. They believe that all negative metabolic changes (cGMP homeostasis alterations and changes in pectin, adiponectin, IL-18, and IL-6) will reverse with a year after the surgery. Azizi’s (2013) findings confirm these results.
Overall, bariatric surgery is an effective way to treat extreme obesity in both adolescent and adult clients. Coupled with modern methods of pre-operative weight reduction and modern surgical approaches, the surgery is recommended for people with extreme weight. Not only will it help make them slimmer, but it will also help them get rid of multiple obesity-related health outcomes, including those which may be fatal. These outcomes include chronic diseases development with morbidity results, poor metabolism, psychological disorders, cardiovascular complications, etc. In order to mitigate all these negative consequences of obesity, joint efforts of physicians, nurses, other medical staff, and the customers. At the same time, non-operative ways of weight loss with durable effects should be discussed, with the debate about their effectiveness.
- Azizi, F.(2013). Bariatric surgery for obesity and diabetes, Arch Iran Med. 16 (3), 182- 186.
- Felipo, V., Urios, A., Garcia-Torres, M., Mlili, N., Olmo, J., Civera, M., Ortega, J., Ferrandez,
A., Martinez- Valls, J., Cassinello, N., and Montoliu, C. (2013). Alterations in adipocytokines and cGMP homeostasis in morbid obesity patients reverse after bariatric surgery. Obesity, 21,
229-237. - Koeck, E., Davenport, K., Barefoot, L., Qureshi, F., Davidow, D., ad Nadler, E. (2013). Inpatient weight loss as a precursor to bariatric surgery for adolescents with extreme obesity: Optimizing bariatric surgery. Clinical Pediatrics, 52 (7), 608-611.
- Sherman, V. (2013). Bariatric surgery. Texas Heart Institute Journal, 40 (3), 296-297.
